Fabricated rapid construction platform for bridge and control method therefor

ABSTRACT

A fabricated rapid construction platform for a bridge, wherein the construction platform comprises a fixing frame, an upper-layer tubular pile position control structure ( 6 ), a lower-layer tubular pile position control structure ( 7 ), and a console; the fixing frame comprises a bottom rail platform ( 1 ), supporting posts ( 3 ), a top operation platform ( 2 ), and several supporting legs ( 4 ); the upper-layer tubular pile position control structure ( 6 ) and the lower-layer tubular pile position control structure ( 7 ) are provided between the bottom rail platform ( 1 ) and the top operation platform ( 2 ); the upper-layer tubular pile position control structure ( 6 ) comprises two sub-structures arranged symmetrically about the central axis of a second through hole, and each sub-structure comprises a braking device ( 61 ), a vertical control arm ( 63 ), and a horizontal control arm ( 62 ). The lower-layer tubular pile position control structure ( 7 ) comprises an annular frame ( 71 ), a revolution driving device, and four lower control arms ( 73 ). On the basis of the construction platform, a corresponding control method is also provided for safe construction, thereby solving the problems that the traditional hoisting manners have excessively large local stress, use a large number of apparatuses for hoisting, consume long time for hoisting, and have difficulty in controlling accurate connection of joints in the pile connection process.

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a steel sheet for gas soft nitriding.

Priority is claimed on Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-024185, filed Feb. 18, 2021, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference.

RELATED ART

Components that transmit power around an engine repeatedly undergo contact, friction, and loads between the components. Therefore, extremely high durability and wear resistance are required. In order to exhibit this performance, these components are often subjected to a surface-hardening treatment such as a carburizing hardening treatment or a nitriding treatment. Among these components, a gas soft nitriding treatment is applied to a surface-hardening treatment of a component made of a thin iron sheet. This gas soft nitriding treatment is, for example, a treatment performed at a high temperature in an atmosphere containing carbon together with nitrogen, so that a diffusion rate of nitrogen is high, and a predetermined hardness property can be obtained within a short treatment time. In addition, a treatment temperature is in a temperature range in which a steel material does not undergo austenitic transformation (generally 500° C. or higher and an Ac3 temperature or lower), so that a change in component dimensions or shapes (hereinafter, collectively referred to simply as a shape change) due to the treatment is smaller than that due to other treatments such as the carburizing hardening treatment. When the shape change due to the surface-hardening treatment is small, a shape accuracy of the component can be easily improved.

The shape accuracy of the component is an important requirement for assembly, and is also a property that strongly affects the durability and wear resistance of the component. This is because a slight shape distortion increases a contact area or a contact pressure between components when the components are used.

This shape change during the surface-hardening treatment occurs not only during a final cooling of the surface-hardening treatment but also during a heating process until the treatment temperature is reached. This shape change of the component during the heating and the cooling is caused not only by thermal expansion and contraction but also by the release of residual stress introduced during blank trimming or pressing, which are pre-steps of the surface-hardening treatment, during the heating. As described above, since changes in dimensions and shapes due to the surface-hardening treatment are affected not only by treatment conditions of the surface-hardening treatment but also by conditions of the blank trimming and the pressing, which are the pre-steps, it is not clear how to minimize the changes.

As described above, in the gas soft nitriding treatment, the shape change is smaller than that due to other surface-hardening treatments. However, since the shape change is caused by various factors, a certain shape change may occur even in a case where the gas soft nitriding treatment is performed. In addition, in a case where such a shape change is expected to occur and the expectation of the shape change can be predicted, a press shape (a pressing die shape) can be modified in advance to a shape different from a final product in consideration of the expectation of the shape change. However, in a case where an (unpredictable) shape change occurs clue to the surface-hardening treatment, the current situation is that only subsequent measures such as performing shape straightening after the surface-hardening treatment (for example, shape straightening or discarding of those that cannot be easily straightened) are taken. That is, even in the gas soft nitriding treatment, which is generally said to have a small shape change, it is a fact that an economic loss in industrial production is caused by the shape change due to the surface-hardening treatment.

Regarding a steel sheet for a gas soft nitriding treatment, for example, Patent Document 1 discloses a method of manufacturing a cold-rolled steel sheet for a nitriding treatment, in which steel containing, as a composition, by mass %, C: more than 0.01% and 0.09% or less, Si: 0.005% to 0.5%, Mn: 0.01% to 3.0%, Al: 0.005% to 2.0%, Cr: 0.50% to 4.0%, P: 0.10% or less, S: 0.01% or less, N: 0.010% or less, and a remainder including Fe and unavoidable impurities, is hot-rolled at a finish temperature of 870° C. or higher, pickled, cold-rolled, and then subjected to recrystallization annealing at a temperature of 800° C. to 950° C. to control a grain boundary area Sv per unit volume to 80 mm⁻¹ or more and 1300 mm⁻¹ or less.

Patent Document 2 discloses a steel sheet for a soft nitriding treatment, in which the steel sheet contains, as a chemical composition, by mass %, C: 0.02% or more and less than 0.07%, Si: 0.10% or less, Mn: 1.1% to 1.8%, P: 0.05% or less, S: 0.01% or less, Al: 0.10% to 0.45%, N: 0.01% or less, Ti: 0.01% to 0.10%, Nb: 0% to 0.1%, Mo: 0% to 0.1%, V: 0% to 0.1%, Cr: 0% to 0.2%, and a remainder: Fe and impurities, Mn+Al≥1.5 is satisfied, a total amount of Ti, Nb, Mo, V, and Cr present as precipitates in the steel sheet is less than 0.03% by mass %, and the steel sheet has a metallographic structure in which an area ratio of ferrite is 80% or more, and a dislocation density of ferrite at a position 50 μm away from a surface of the steel sheet is 1×10¹⁴ to 1×10¹⁶ m⁻².

PRIOR ART DOCUMENT Patent Document

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent No. 4462264

[Patent Document 2] PCT International Publication No. WO2015/190618

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION Problems to be Solved by the Invention

An object of Patent Document 1 is to propose an advantageous method of manufacturing a cold-rolled steel sheet for a nitriding treatment, in which a sufficient surface hardening ability and a hardening depth can be obtained by the nitriding treatment. In addition, Patent Document 2 is intended to improve fatigue properties that are not sufficient in the related art without lowering productivity and costs, and an object of Patent Document 2 is to provide a soft nitriding-treated steel having excellent workability before a soft nitriding treatment and having high fatigue properties by being subjected to a soft nitriding treatment.

That is, in neither of Patent Documents 1 and 2, suppression of the shape change due to the surface-hardening treatment is not taken into consideration.

As described above, in the related art, a technique for suppressing a shape change in a surface-hardening treatment such as a gas soft nitriding treatment by controlling a chemical composition and microstructures of a steel sheet has not been proposed.

An object of the present invention is to provide a steel sheet for gas soft nitriding capable of reducing the amount of shape change in a case where a gas soft nitriding treatment is performed as a surface-hardening treatment.

Means for Solving the Problem

As described above, since changes in dimensions and shapes due to the surface-hardening treatment are affected not only by the treatment conditions of the surface-hardening treatment but also by the conditions of the blank trimming (hereinafter, also referred to as “trimming”) and the pressing, which are the pre-steps, it is not clear how to minimize the changes. In order to solve the problems, the present inventors considered that it is effective to first clarify and improve factors that cause shape changes in each of the trimming and pressing steps and the surface-hardening treatment.

In the trimming and pressing steps, it is considered that it is effective to revise an intermediate shape or adjust a blank holding force to introduce plastic strain by tension or the like so as to reduce residual stress in each intermediate forming step until a final shape is obtained, and furthermore, it is effective to improve a pressing technique, such as increasing position accuracy in a step subsequent to an intermediate formed product. In addition, in the latter surface-hardening treatment step, it is considered effective to increase uniformity of a temperature in a treatment furnace, to strictly manage a cooling rate in a final cooling step, and the like. However, such improvements are premised on the fact that materials subjected to the pressing or the surface-hardening treatment always behave in the same manner, and it is considered that, in practice, the shape changes occur even if the above-described conditions are made uniform.

The present inventors investigated shape changes of various steel sheets before and after a gas soft nitriding treatment. As a result, it was newly found that, in a steel sheet having a predetermined chemical composition and a metallographic structure, an effective grain size difference in a width direction (sheet width direction) causes a shape change. In addition, in order to reduce the effective grain size difference and suppress the shape change due to the gas soft nitriding treatment, it is effective to control conditions such as heating conditions before hot rolling and hot rolling conditions.

The present invention has been made based on the above findings. The gist of the present invention is as follows.

[1] A steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to an aspect of the present invention includes, as a chemical composition, by mass %: C: 0.02% to 0.10%; Si: 0.001% to 0.100%; Mn: 0.70% to 1.65%; P: 0.060% or less; S: 0.005% or less; sol. Al: 0.020% to 0.450%; Ti: 0.020% to 0.120%; Cr: 0.100% to 0.450%; N: 0.0003% to 0.0070%; Cu: 0% to 0.40%; Ni: 0% to 0.30%; Nb: 0% to 0.080%; V: 0% to 0.080%; Mo: 0% to 0.100%; B: 0% to 0.0020%; Ca: 0% to 0.0100%; REM: 0% to 0.0100%; Sn: 0% to 0.0300%; Sb: 0% to 0.0100%; As: 0% to 0.0100%; Mg: 0% to 0.0300%; and a remainder including Fe and impurities, in which Formulas (1) and (2) are satisfied, a metallographic structure of the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding contains, by area %, ferrite: 30.0% to 100.0%, martensite: 0% to 5.0%, bainite: 0% to 70.0%, retained austenite: 0% to 3.0%, and pearlite: 0% to 3.0%, when a sheet thickness is indicated as t, a sheet width, which is a width in a direction perpendicular to a rolling direction, is indicated as w, and effective grain sizes are measured at seven positions of w/8, w/4, 3w/8, w/2, 5w/8, 3w/4, and 7w/8 in a width direction from an end portion in the width direction at a t/4 depth position from a surface, an average effective grain size, which is an average of the effective grain sizes at the seven positions, is 8.0 to 35.0 μm, and an effective grain size difference, which is a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value among the effective grain sizes at the seven positions, is 10.0 μm or less.

[sol. Al]+[Cr]≤0.482   Formula (1)

94<64×[Mn]+156×[Cr]+190×[sol. Al]−9×[Mn]²−86×[Cr]²−328×[sol. Al]²   Formula (2)

-   -   where [element symbol] is an amount of an element represented by         the element symbol by mass %.

[2] The steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to [1] may contain, as the chemical composition, by mass %, one or two or more selected from the group consisting of: Cu: 0.01% to 0.40%; Ni: 0.01% to 0.30%; Nb: 0.001% to 0.080%; V: 0.001% to 0.080%; Mo: 0.001% to 0.100%; B: 0.0001% to 0.0020%; Ca: 0.0001% to 0.0100%; REM: 0.0001% to 0.0100%; Sn: 0.0001% to 0.0300%; Sb: 0.0001% to 0.0100%; As: 0.0001% to 0.0100%; and Mg: 0.0001% to 0.0300%.

[3] In the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to [1] or [2], a No. 5 test piece according to JTS Z 2241:2011 may have a tensile strength of 370 MPa or more and an elongation of 13.0% or more.

Effects of the Invention

According to the above aspect of the present invention, it is possible to provide a steel sheet for gas soft nitriding capable of reducing an amount of shape change in a case where a gas soft nitriding treatment is performed as a surface-hardening treatment on the premise that generally required tensile strength, elongation, and bendability are provided.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a shape of a test piece in a shape change investigation test.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing observation positions of a metallographic structure.

EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, a steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to an embodiment of the present invention (hereinafter, referred to as a steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment), a method of manufacturing the same, and a gas-soft nitrided component obtained from the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment (a gas-soft nitrided component according to the present embodiment) will be described in detail. However, the present invention is not limited to configurations disclosed in the present embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

Steel Sheet for Gas Soft Nitriding

The steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment has a predetermined chemical composition, in which a metallographic structure contains, by area %, ferrite: 30.0% to 100.0%, martensite: 0% to 5.0%, and bainite: 0 to 70.0%, retained austenite: 0% to 3.0%, and pearlite: 0% to 3.0%, when a sheet thickness is indicated as t, a sheet width, which is a width in a direction perpendicular to a rolling direction, is indicated as w, and effective grain sizes are measured at seven positions of w/8, w/4, 3w/8, w/2, 5w/8, 3w/4, and 7w/8 in a width direction from an end portion in the width direction at a t/4 position (a t/4 depth position from a surface) from a surface in a sheet thickness direction, an average effective grain size, which is an average of the effective grain sizes at the seven positions, is 8.0 to 35.0 μm, and an effective grain size difference, which is a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value among the effective grain sizes at the seven positions, is 10.0 μm or less.

Hereinafter, the reasons for limiting each of the above will be described.

Chemical Composition

First, the chemical composition of the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment will be described. In a numerical limitation range described below with the “to” in between, values at both ends are included in the range as a lower limit and an upper limit. Numerical values indicated as “less than” or “more than” do not fall within a numerical range. Unless otherwise specified, “%” for a chemical composition refers to “mass %”.

C: 0.02% to 0.10%

C is an element that affects a strength of the steel sheet. In a case where a C content is less than 0.02%, a strength generally required for a steel sheet for gas soft nitriding cannot be sufficiently secured. Therefore, the C content is set to 0.02% or more. The C content is preferably 0.03% or more, and more preferably 0.04% or more or 0.05% or more.

On the other hand, in a case where the C content is more than 0.10%, elongation decreases. Therefore, the C content is set to 0.10% or less. The C content is preferably 0.08% or less, and more preferably 0.07% or less or 0.06% or less.

Si: 0.001% to 0.100%

Si is an element that forms a scale pattern on a surface of the steel sheet. Pickling is generally performed to remove the scale pattern. However, when a Si content is more than 0.100%, a pickling cost becomes significantly high. Therefore, the Si content is set to 0.100% or less. The Si content is preferably 0.085% or less or 0.070% or less, and more preferably 0.055% or less or 0.040% or less.

On the other hand, in order to reduce the pickling cost, the lower the Si content is, the more preferable it is. However, in a case where the Si content is set to less than 0.001%, a raw material cost is high. Therefore, the Si content is set to 0.001% or more. The Si content is preferably 0.003% or more or 0.005% or more, and more preferably 0.008% or more or 0.015% or more.

Mn: 0.70% to 1.65%

Mn is an element that increases a density of nitrides after a gas soft nitriding treatment when Mn is contained in combination with Cr and Al, and thus has an effect of improving wear resistance of a steel sheet after the gas soft nitriding treatment (including the gas-soft nitrided component, the same applies hereinafter). When a Mn content is less than 0.70%, nitrides having a sufficient density cannot be obtained after the gas soft nitriding treatment. Therefore, the Mn content is set to 0.70% or more while satisfying Formula (2) described later. The Mn content is preferably 0.80% or more or 0.85% or more, and more preferably 0.90% or more or 1.00% or more.

On the other hand, when the Mn content is more than 1.65%, an area ratio of ferrite in the metallographic structure decreases, and the elongation decreases. Therefore, the Mg content is set to 1.65% or less. The Mn content is preferably 1.60% or less or 1.50% or less, and more preferably 1.40% or less or 1.30% or less.

P: 0.060% or Less

P is an element (impurity) that is mixed in a manufacturing process of the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding. When a P content is high, grain boundaries become embrittled, so that cracking is likely to occur during the manufacturing of the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding. Therefore, the P content is set to 0.060% or less. The P content is preferably 0.040% or less or 0.030% or less, and more preferably 0.020% or less or 0.015% or less. The lower the P content is, the more preferable it is, and the P content may be 0%. However, the P content may be 0.001% or more or 0.003% or more in consideration of a dephosphorization cost.

S: 0.005% or Less

S is an element (impurity) that is mixed in the manufacturing process of the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding. In a case where a S content is high, MnS is formed, and cracking is likely to occur during press forming. Therefore, the S content is set to 0.005% or less. The S content is preferably 0.004% or less, and more preferably 0.003% or less. The lower the S content is, the more preferable it is, and the S content may be 0%. However, the S content may be 0.001% or more or 0.002% or more in consideration of a desulfurization cost.

sol. Al: 0.020% to 0.450%

Al is an element that increases the density of the nitrides after the gas soft nitriding treatment when Al is contained in combination with Cr and Mn, and thus has an effect of improving the wear resistance of the steel sheet after the gas soft nitriding treatment.

When a sol. Al (acid-soluble Al) content is less than 0.020%, coarsening of austenite grain sizes during slab heating cannot be prevented, and as a result, there is a concern that the effective grain sizes in the width direction of the steel sheet vary widely. Therefore, the sol. Al content is set to 0.020% or more while satisfying Formulas (1) and (2) described later. The sol. Al content is preferably 0.030% or more, 0.040% or more, 0.060% or more, or 0.090% or more, and more preferably 0.200% or more.

On the other hand, when the sol. Al content is more than 0.450%, nozzle clogging is likely to occur during continuous casting, and productivity is lowered. Therefore, the sol. Al content is set to 0.450% or less. The sol. Al content is preferably 0.400% or less or 0.300% or less, and more preferably 0.200% or less or 0.150% or less.

Ti: 0.020% to 0.120%

Ti is an element that forms a Ti carbide and contributes to an improvement in the strength of the steel sheet, and is an element that has an effect of refining the effective grain sizes by refining the austenite grain sizes in a hot rolling step. When a Ti content is less than 0.020%, the effective grain size cannot be sufficiently refined. Therefore, the Ti content is set to 0.020% or more. The Ti content is preferably 0.025% or more or 0.035% or more, and more preferably 0.045% or more or 0.055% or more.

On the other hand, when the Ti content is more than 0.120%, the elongation decreases. Therefore, the Ti content is set to 0.120% or less. The Ti content is preferably 0.110% or less or 0.100% or less, and more preferably 0.080% or less or 0.070% or less.

Cr: 0.100% to 0.450%

Cr is an element that increases the density of the nitrides after the gas soft nitriding treatment when Cr is contained in combination with Mn and Al and thus has an effect of improving the wear resistance of the steel sheet after the gas soft nitriding treatment. When a Cr content is less than 0.100%, nitrides having a sufficient density cannot be obtained after the gas soft nitriding treatment. Therefore, the Cr content is set to 0.100% or more while satisfying Formulas (1) and (2) described later. The Cr content is preferably 0.120% or more or 0.140% or more, and more preferably 0.160% or more or 0.190% or more.

On the other hand, when the Cr content is more than 0.450%, the density of the nitrides after the gas soft nitriding treatment becomes excessively high. Therefore, the Cr content is set to 0.450% or less. The Cr content is preferably 0.400% or less, 0.350% or less, or 0.300% or less, and more preferably 0.250% or less or 0.220% or less.

N: 0.0003% to 0.0070%

N is an element that forms a coarse nitride and causes embrittlement cracking in a slab. Therefore, a N content is set to 0.0070% or less. The N content is preferably 0.0050% or less, or 0.0040% or less.

On the other hand, the lower the N content is, the more preferable it is. However, N is an element that is mixed in the manufacturing process of the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding, and in a case where the N content is set to less than 0.0003%, costs increase significantly. Therefore, the N content is set to 0.0003% or more. The N content is preferably 0.0005% or more, or 0.0010% or more.

Formula (1) and Formula (2)

In the above components, the sol. Al content and the Cr content are set to be in ranges of Formula (1) and Formula (2), and the Mn content is limited to a range of Formula (2). In a case where a left side of Formula (1) is more than 0.482, in the steel sheet (including a case where the steel sheet is a component) after the gas soft nitriding treatment, an effective hardening depth, which is a depth (distance from the surface) of a region in which a hardness is higher by 50 Hv or more than a hardness of a primary phase (a hardness of a portion that is not hardened by the gas soft nitriding treatment, for example, in a case where a thickness is indicated as tc, a tc/4 position), is less than 0.300 mm.

In addition, in a case where a right side of Formula (2) is 94 or less, a surface layer hardness of the steel sheet after the gas soft nitriding treatment does not become 500 Hv or more, which is a surface layer hardness generally required for a gas-soft nitrided component.

Therefore, the sol. Al content, the Cr content, and the Mn content are contained in the above-described ranges so as to satisfy Formulas (1) and (2).

[sol. Al]+[Cr]≤0.482   Formula (1)

94<64×[Mn]+156×[Cr]+190×[sol. Al]−9×[Mn]²−86×[Cr]²−328×[sol. Al]²   Formula (2)

-   -   where [element symbol] is an amount of an element represented by         the element symbol in steel by mass %. If necessary, a right         side of Formula (1) may be set to 0.478, 0.472, 0.467, 0.460, or         0.440 instead of 0.482. A lower limit of “[sol.A1]+[Cr]” in         Formula (1) is 0.120, but may be set to 0.150, 0.180, or 0.200.         Furthermore, a left side of Formula (2) may be set to 97, 100,         or 105, instead of 94.

The steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment basically contains the above-mentioned elements and a remainder including Fe and impurities, as the chemical composition. Here, the impurities mean components that are mixed due to various factors in raw materials such as ore and scrap, and in the manufacturing process when the steel sheet is manufactured, and are permitted within a range that does not adversely affect the present invention. On the other hand, in order to improve various properties, Cu, Ni, Nb, V, Mo, B, Ca, REM, Sn, Sb, As, and Mg may be further contained within a range described below. However, since the inclusion of these elements is not essential, lower limits thereof are all 0%. These elements may be contained as impurities within ranges of amounts described below.

Cu: 0% to 0.40%

Cu is an element that contributes to the improvement of the surface layer hardness after the gas soft nitriding treatment. Therefore, Cu may be contained. In a case of obtaining the above effect, a Cu content is set to preferably 0.01% or more, and more preferably 0.03% or 0.07% or more.

On the other hand, when the Cu content is more than 0.40%, hot cracking is likely to occur during manufacturing. Therefore, in a case where the Cu is contained, the Cu content is set to 0.40% or less. The Cu content is preferably 0.35% or less or 0.35% or less, and more preferably 0.25% or less or 0.20% or less.

Ni: 0% to 0.30%

Ni is an element that contributes to the improvement of the surface layer hardness after the gas soft nitriding treatment. In addition, Ni is an element having an effect of suppressing hot cracking when Cu is contained. Therefore, in the case where Cu is contained, it is preferable that Ni is also contained. In a case of obtaining the above effect, a Ni content is set to preferably 0.01% or more, and more preferably 0.03% or more.

On the other hand, when the Ni content is excessive, an alloy cost increases, and economic efficiency is impaired. Therefore, in a case where Ni is contained, the Ni content is set to 0.30% or less. The Ni content is preferably 0.25% or less or 0.20% or less, and more preferably 0.15% or less or 0.10% or less.

Nb: 0% to 0.080%

Nb is an element having an effect of relining the austenite grain sizes during hot rolling and is an element having an effect of reducing the average effective grain size of the steel sheet through this effect. Therefore, Nb may be contained. In a case of obtaining the above effect, a Nb content is set to preferably 0.001% or more, and more preferably 0.005% or more or 0.010% or more.

On the other hand, when the Nb content is more than 0.080%, toughness of the slab after casting decreases, which causes cracking of the slab. Therefore, in a case where Nb is contained, the Nb content is set to 0.080% or less. The Nb content is preferably 0.070% or less or 0.0.060% or less, and more preferably 0.050% or less or 0.040% or less.

V: 0% to 0.080%

V is a nitride forming element and is an element having an effect of improving the surface layer hardness after the soft nitriding treatment. Therefore, V may be contained. In a case of obtaining the above effect, a V content is set to preferably 0.001% or more, and more preferably 0.003% or more or 0.010% or more.

On the other hand, when the V content is more than 0.080%, the toughness of the slab decreases, and slab cracking frequently occurs before the slab is loaded into a heating furnace, which results in a difficulty in manufacturing. Therefore, in a case where V is contained, the V content is set to 0.080% or less. The V content is preferably 0.070% or less or 0.050% or less, and more preferably 0.040% or less or 0.030% or less.

Mo: 0% to 0.100%

Mo is a nitride forming element and is an element having an effect of improving the surface layer hardness. Therefore, Mo may be contained. In a case of obtaining the above effect, a Mo content is set to preferably 0.001% or more, and more preferably 0.003% or more or 0.005% or more.

On the other hand, when the Mo content is more than 0.100%, hardenability increases, an area ratio of martensite increases, and a predetermined metallographic structure cannot be obtained in the steel sheet. Therefore, in a case where Mo is contained, the Mo content is set to 0.100% or less. The Mo content is preferably or less or 0.060% or less, and more preferably 0.040% or less or 0.030% or less.

B: 0% to 0.0020%

B is a nitride forming element and is an element having an effect of improving the surface layer hardness. Therefore, B may be contained. In a case of obtaining the above effect, a B content is set to preferably 0.0001% or more, and more preferably 0.0003% or more or 0.0006% or more.

On the other hand, when the B content is more than 0.0020%, the hardenability increases, the area ratio of martensite increases, and a predetermined metallographic structure cannot be obtained in the steel sheet. Therefore, in a case where B is contained, the B content is set to 0.0020% or less. The B content is preferably 0.015% or less or 0.0010% or less, and more preferably 0.0008% or less or 0.0004% or less.

Ca: 0% to 0.0100%

Ca is an element that forms fine sulfides and is an element having an effect of improving press formability. Therefore, Ca may be contained. In a case of obtaining the above effect, a Ca content is set to preferably 0.0001% or more, and more preferably 0.0005% or more or 0.0010% or more.

On the other hand, when the Ca content is more than 0.0100%, an oxide of Ca is deposited in a casting nozzle during casting, and there is a concern that the nozzle is clogged. Therefore, in a case where Ca is contained, the Ca content is set to 0.0100% or less. The Ca content is preferably 0.0080% or less or 0.0060% or less, and more preferably 0.0040% or less or 0.0020% or less.

REM: 0% to 0.0100%

Rare earth elements (that is, REM) such as Sc, Y, La, Lu, and Ce are elements having an effect of reducing an effective grain size difference by delaying growth of γ grains above a certain value during rolling. Therefore, REM may be contained. In a case of obtaining the above effect, a REM content is preferably set to 0.0001% or more, and more preferably set to 0.0005% or more or 0.0010% or more.

On the other hand, even when the REM content is more than 0.0100% in total, the effect is saturated, so that the economic efficiency is lowered due to a cost of adding REM. Therefore, in a case where REM is contained, the REM content is set to 0.0100% or less. The REM content is preferably 0.0080% or less or 0.0060% or less, and more preferably 0.0040% or less or 0.0020% or less.

Sn: 0 to 0.0300%

Sn is an element effective for improving corrosion resistance. Therefore, Sn may be contained. In a case of obtaining the above effect, a Sn content is set to preferably 0.0001% or more, and more preferably 0.0010% or more.

On the other hand, when the Sn content is more than 0.0300%, surface cracks occur during rolling, and the productivity significantly decreases. Therefore, the Sn content is set to 0.0300% or less. The Sn content is preferably 0.0250% or less or 0.0200% or less, and more preferably 0.0150% or less or 0.0100% or less.

Sb: 0% to 0.0100%

Sb is an element effective for improving the corrosion resistance. Therefore, Sb may be contained. In a case of obtaining the above effect, a Sb content is set to preferably 0.0001% or more, and more preferably 0.0010% or more.

On the other hand, when the Sb content is more than 0.0100%, surface cracks occur during rolling, and the productivity significantly decreases. Therefore, the Sb content is set to 0.0100% or less. The Sn content is preferably 0.0080% or less or or less, and more preferably 0.0040% or less or 0.0020% or less.

As: 0% to 0.0100%

As is an element effective for improving workability (machinability) of steel. Therefore, As may be contained. In a case of obtaining the above effect, an As content is set to preferably 0.0001% or more, and more preferably 0.0010% or more.

On the other hand, when the As content is more than 0.0100%, surface cracks occur during rolling, and the productivity significantly decreases. Therefore, the As content is set to 0.0100% or less. The As content is preferably 0.0080% or less or 0.0060% or less, and more preferably 0.0040% or less or 0.0020% or less.

Mg: 0% to 0.0300%

Mg is an element having an effect of suppressing a decrease in bendability due to a coarse nitride by forming a nitride formation site formed after solidification. Therefore, Mg may be contained. In a case of obtaining the above effect, a Mg content is set to preferably 0.0001% or more, and more preferably 0.0005% or more or 0.0010% or more.

On the other hand, when the Mg content is more than 0.0300%, sparks occur when the raw materials are charged, and the productivity is significantly impaired. Therefore, in a case where Mg is contained, the Mg content is set to 0.0300% or less. The Mg content is preferably 0.0250% or less or 0.0200% or less, and more preferably 0.0100% or less or 0.0050% or less.

The chemical composition described above may be measured by a general analysis method. For example, the chemical composition may be measured using inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). C and S may be measured using a combustion-infrared absorption method and N may be measured using an inert gas fusion-thermal conductivity method.

Metallographic Structure (Microstructure)

Next, the reason for limiting the metallographic structure will be described. Hereinafter, % regarding the metallographic structure means area %.

Ferrite: 30.0% to 100.0%

In the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment, the area ratio of ferrite in the metallographic structure is set to 30.0% or more in order to secure sufficient elongation. The area ratio of ferrite is preferably 35.0% or more or or more, and more preferably 50.0% or more, 60.0% or more, or 70.0% or more. An upper limit of the area ratio of ferrite is 100%. The area ratio of ferrite may be 95.0% or less, 90.0%, 80.0% or less, or 75.0% or less, if necessary.

Martensite: 0% to 5.0%

Martensite is a microstructure that is effective for improving the strength of the steel sheet. However, when the area ratio of martensite is more than 5.0%, the bendability of the steel sheet decreases. Therefore, the area ratio of martensite in the metallographic structure is set to 5.0% or less. The area ratio of martensite may be set to 4.5% or less, 4.0% or less, 3.5% or less, or 3.0% or less, if necessary. Since martensite does not necessarily need to be included, the area ratio thereof may be set to 0%. The area ratio of martensite may be 0.5% or more, 1.0% or more, 1.5% or more, or 2.0% or more, if necessary. The martensite may be as-quenched (so-called fresh martensite), or may be, for example, martensite that has been tempered (including self-tempered) at 370° C. or lower (so-called tempered martensite).

Bainite: 0% to 70.0%

Bainite is a structure effective for increasing the strength without lowering the bendability, and may be contained. In a case of obtaining this effect, an area ratio of bainite is preferably 10.0% or more. The area ratio of bainite may be set to 15.0% or more, 20.0% or more, 25.0% or more, 30.0% or more, or 35.0% or more, if necessary.

On the other hand, when the area ratio of bainite is more than 70.0%, 30.0% or more of ferrite cannot be secured, and sufficient elongation cannot be obtained. Therefore, the area ratio of bainite in the metallographic structure is set to 70.0% or less. The area ratio of bainite may be set to 65.0% or less, 60.0% or less, 55.0% or less, 50.0% or less, or 45.0% or less, if necessary. Since bainite does not necessarily need to be included, the area ratio thereof may be 0%.

Other Microstructures

A remainder of the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment other than ferrite, martensite, and bainite is not limited, but may contain, for example, pearlite and/or retained austenite.

An area ratio of retained austenite is 3.0% or less, and preferably 2.0% or less or 1.0% or less. An area ratio of pearlite is 3.0% or less, and preferably 2.0% or less or 1.0% or less.

The area ratios of retained austenite and pearlite may be each 0%. A sum of the area ratios of retained austenite and pearlite may be set to 3.0% or less, 2.0% or less, or 1.0% or less.

Effective Grain Size

In the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment, when a sheet thickness of the steel sheet is indicated as t, a sheet width, which is a width in a direction perpendicular to a rolling direction, is indicated as w, and effective grain sizes are measured at seven positions of w/8, w/4, 3w/8, w/2, 5w/8, 3w/4, and 7w/8 in a width direction (on a straight line perpendicular to the rolling direction) from an end portion in the width direction (the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction) at a t/4 position from a surface in a sheet thickness direction, an average effective grain size, which is an average of the effective grain sizes at the seven positions, is 8.0 to 35.0 μm, and an effective grain size difference, which is a difference between a maximum value and a minimum value among the effective grain sizes at the seven positions, is 10.0 μm or less.

As described above, in the gas-soft nitrided component, there is a problem of a shape change due to the gas soft nitriding treatment. The present inventors investigated a gas-soft nitrided test piece of a hat-formed material, which will be described later, and conducted an examination for minimizing a shape change due to the gas soft nitriding treatment and maximizing the performance of a component.

Specifically, a ring-shaped test piece having a width of 10 mm as shown in FIG. 1 was prepared by shear trimming (punching using a trimming die) centered on a ½ position, a ¼ position, and a ⅛ position of the steel sheet in the width direction. A large residual stress usually remains at a trimmed end and the like. For the purpose of investigating the influence, inner and outer circumferences of the ring test piece were left as shear-trimmed end surface.

The ring-shaped test piece was subjected to a gas soft nitriding treatment in an atmosphere of a mixed gas containing 45% of nitrogen, 50% of ammonia, and 5% of carbon dioxide in terms of volume fraction. A treatment temperature was set to 570° C., and a soaking and holding time was set to 1 hour. After performing the treatment with the atmosphere, temperature, and time, a shape change of the ring-shaped gas-soft nitrided test piece cooled to room temperature by air cooling was measured. For the measurement of the shape change, outer diameters in the rolling direction, in a direction perpendicular thereto, and in directions at 45° and 135° with respect to the rolling direction were measured before and after the treatment. Those having an amount of change of more than 0.5% (1 mm in this test) in each direction of the measurement had poor dimensional accuracy, caused problems in use as the component, and were determined to be unacceptable.

As a result of the examination, it was found that in order to increase dimensional accuracy, it is effective to set the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value among the effective grain sizes (that is, the effective grain size difference) at the positions in the width direction of the steel sheet to 10.0 μm or less. In a case where the effective grain size difference is more than 10.0 μm, the shape change after the gas soft nitriding treatment becomes large.

Although it is unclear why the shape change after the gas soft nitriding treatment is suppressed by reducing variation in the effective grain size in the width direction, it is presumed that strain or residual stress inside the steel sheet is reduced by the uniformization of the metallographic structure in the width direction of the steel sheet, and as a result, a shape change after heating is suppressed.

In addition, regarding the variation in the effective grain size in the width direction, it was found that an effective grain size difference at a position at which the width of the steel sheet is divided into eight equal parts represents the effective grain size difference in the entire width direction.

Therefore, in the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment, the effective grain size differences at the seven positions of w/8, w/4, 3w/8, w/2, 5w/8, 3w/4, and 7w/8 in the width direction from the end portion in the width direction are set to 10.0 μm or less. The effective grain size difference is preferably 9.0 μm or less, and more preferably 8.0 μm or less or 7.0 μm or less.

The effective grain size is less likely to vary in the rolling direction than in the width direction. Therefore, the effective grain size difference in the width direction may be set within a predetermined range.

When the average effective grain size is less than 8.0 μm, the effective hardening depth is less than 0.300 mm. On the other hand, when an average grain size is more than 35.0 μm, the bendability decreases. Therefore, the average effective grain size is set to 8.0 to 35.0 μm.

Furthermore, the “effective grain size difference/average effective grain size” may be set to 0.80 or less, 0.70 or less, 0.60 or less, 0.50 or less, or 0.40 or less.

Even in a case where there is little variation in a material (hardness and the like) in the width direction, it cannot be said that the effective grain size difference becomes small. In a range investigated by the present inventors, even in a steel sheet having little material variation in the width direction, the effective grain size always greatly varied in the width direction.

The area ratios of ferrite, martensite, bainite, pearlite, and austenite in the metallographic structure, the average effective grain size, and the effective grain size difference can be obtained by the following methods.

Area Ratio of Ferrite

The area ratio of ferrite can be obtained by performing an EBSD analysis using an apparatus including a thermal field-emission scanning electron microscope (JSM-7001F manufactured by JEOL Ltd.) and an EBSD detector (DVC5 type detector manufactured by TSL solutions).

Specifically, when the sheet width, which is the width in the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction of the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment is indicated as w, a sample is collected from each of the positions of w/8, w/4, 3w/8, w/2, 5w/8, 3w/4, and 7w/8 in the width direction from the end portion in the width direction so that the sample has a size of 10 mm in the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction. Then, for each sample, a cross section perpendicular to the rolling direction is roughly polished with #1000, subjected to a mirror polishing finish with a polishing solution in which diamond powder having a particle size of 1 to 3 μm is dispersed, and a surface thereof is subjected to polishing strain removal by electrolytic polishing and finished as a sample for observation.

For each of the obtained samples for observation, when the sheet thickness of the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment is indicated as t, a range of 200 μm in the sheet thickness direction and 400 μm in the direction perpendicular thereto substantially centered on the t/4 position (t/4 depth position) in the sheet thickness direction from the surface of the cross section in the sheet thickness direction is taken as an observation position. That is, the observation position is a position shown in FIG. 2 .

The electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis is performed on the sample to obtain crystal orientation information. In the EBSD analysis, a degree of vacuum in the apparatus is set to 1.0×10⁻⁴ Pa or less, an accelerating current is set to 15 kV, an irradiation current level is set to 13 or more and 15 or less, an irradiation level of an electron beam is set to 62, WD is set to 15 mm, and a measurement interval is set to 0.05 μm or more and 0.5 μm or less.

Using the crystal orientation information obtained in this EBSD analysis, ferrite is identified and the area ratio thereof is calculated by the software “OIM Analysis (registered trademark)” attached to the EBSD analyzer. In the present embodiment, from a figure determined to be a bcc phase on an inverse pole figure color map output by the “OIM Analysis (registered trademark)”, a boundary at which an orientation difference between adjacent measurement points is 15° or more is defined as a grain boundary, and a GAM value of each grain is calculated. Those having a GAM value of 0.5 or less are defined as ferrite grains, and an area ratio of the ferrite grains is calculated. The area ratio of the ferrite grains is measured for the samples for observation at each position in the width direction, and an average value thereof is defined as the area ratio of ferrite.

Area Ratio of Martensite

The area ratio of martensite is obtained by determining a microstructure observed as a white contrast as martensite using a metallographic structure photograph taken by revealing the metallographic structure using a LePera etching solution, and measuring an area ratio thereof. Collecting positions and observation positions of samples for observation are the same as in the case of ferrite, and the average value of the area ratios of martensite obtained in the samples is defined as the area ratio of martensite in the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment.

Area Ratio of Pearlite

The area ratio of the pearlite is obtained by using a metallographic structure photograph taken by revealing the metallographic structure using a nital etching solution. Specifically, in the metallographic structure photograph, grains containing lamellar carbides are defined as pearlite, and are obtained by an area ratio thereof. Sampling position and observation positions of samples for observation are the same as in the case of ferrite, an area ratio of pearlite is obtained from each sample, and an average value of the area ratios of pearlite of all the samples is defined as the area ratio of pearlite of the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment.

Area Ratio of Retained Austenite

Using the crystal orientation information obtained when measuring the area ratio of ferrite, an area ratio of a point determined to be an fcc phase is defined as the area ratio of retained austenite. Sampling positions and observation positions of samples for observation are the same as in the case of ferrite, an area ratio of retained austenite is obtained from each sample, and an average value of the area ratios of retained austenite of all the samples is defined as the area ratio of retained austenite of the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment.

Area Ratio of Bainite

In the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment, portions other than ferrite, pearlite, retained austenite, and martensite are determined to be bainite. That is, the area ratio of bainite is obtained by subtracting the area ratios of the above-mentioned ferrite, pearlite, retained austenite, and martensite from 100%.

Average Effective Grain Size Effective Grain Size Difference

Using the crystal orientation information obtained when measuring the area ratio of ferrite, from a figure determined to be a bcc phase on an inverse pole figure color map output by the “OIM Analysis (registered trademark)”, a boundary at which an orientation difference between adjacent measurement points is 15° or more is defined as a grain boundary, and a circle equivalent diameter of the grain is defined as a grain size of the grain. An average value is obtained using the grain sizes of all the grains in an observed visual field, and an effective grain size in the observed visual field is obtained. Sampling positions and observation positions of samples for observation are the same as in the case of measuring the area ratio of ferrite, an effective grain size is obtained from each sample, and an average value of the effective grain sizes of all the samples is defined as the average effective grain size in the direction (sheet width direction) perpendicular to the rolling direction of the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment.

In addition, a difference between the largest value and the smallest value among the effective grain sizes at the observation positions is defined as the effective grain size difference in the direction perpendicular to the rolling direction of the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment.

Mechanical Properties

The steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment may have a tensile strength of 370 MPa or more measured according to JIS Z2241:2011 using a No. 5 test piece of JIS Z2241:2011 and an elongation of 13.0% or more as generally required mechanical properties. The tensile strength may be set to 400 MPa or more, 440 MPa or more, 480 MPa or more, 520 MPa or more, 580 MPa or more, or 620 MPa or more. Although it is not necessary to set an upper limit of the tensile strength, the tensile strength may be set to 880 MPa or less, 800 MPa or less, 760 MPa, 720 MPa or less, or 680 MPa or less. The elongation may be set to 14.0% or more, 16.0% or more, 18.0% or more, or 20.0% or more. Although it is not necessary to set an upper limit of the elongation, the elongation may be set to 32.0% or less, 28.0% or less, or 26.0% or less.

Furthermore, R/t, which is a limit bend radius R standardized by the sheet thickness t, may be 3.0 or less. In this case, when cold working (pressing or the like) is performed before the gas soft nitriding treatment, cracking or the like during the cold working can be prevented.

In addition, when it is assumed that the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment is applied to a component that transmits power around an engine after the gas soft nitriding treatment, an object of the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment is to have a surface layer hardness of 500 Hv or more by the gas soft nitriding treatment and an effective hardening depth of 0.300 mm or more, which is a depth with a hardness higher by 50 Hv or more than that of a primary phase (a gas-soft nitrided component having a surface layer hardness of 500 Hv or more and an effective hardening depth of 0.300 mm or more, which is a depth with a hardness higher by 50 Hv or more than that of the primary phase can be obtained).

The surface layer hardness after the gas soft nitriding treatment is obtained by the following method.

The surface layer hardness after the gas soft nitriding treatment is a value obtained by measuring a Vickers hardness in a certain cross section of the steel sheet after the gas soft nitriding treatment in the sheet thickness direction. A measurement position may be set such that an indentation center is located in a range of 50 μm or less from the surface where a change in hardness in the sheet thickness direction is small. In a case where the indentation center is close to a surface layer, a material flow in the vicinity of the surface layer occurs during hardness measurement, which causes a measurement error. Therefore, it is preferable that the indentation center is at a position 35 μm or more away from the surface in the cross section of the steel sheet in the sheet thickness direction. The Vickers hardness may be measured based on JIS Z 2244-1:2020. A load during the hardness measurement is set to 200 gf (Hv0.2), and an average value measured at three points at depth positions in the sheet thickness direction is defined as the surface layer hardness after the gas soft nitriding treatment.

As a measurement cross section for the Vickers hardness, a certain cross section of the gas-soft nitrided component in the sheet thickness direction is roughly polished to #80 to #1000 and is finished to a mirror-polished surface with a polishing solution in which diamond powder having a particle size of 1 to 3 μm is dispersed.

The effective hardening depth after the gas soft nitriding treatment is measured by measuring the Vickers hardness of the steel sheet after the gas soft nitriding treatment at intervals of 0.05 μm from the surface layer in a depth direction in a certain cross section in the sheet thickness direction. Three points are measured at the same depth, and an average value thereof is defined as the Vickers hardness at that depth. In the obtained Vickers hardness profile, when the sheet thickness is indicated as t, a depth of a region in which a hardness is higher by 50 Hv or more than the average (average hardness) of the Vickers hardncsscs measured at three points at the t/4 position from the surface in the sheet thickness direction is measured, and this is defined as the effective hardening depth. A measurement load of the Vickers hardness is set to 50 gf (Hv0.05), and a load may be set or a measurement position may be shifted in a sheet surface direction so that an interval between the measurement points is 5 times or more an indentation size.

The above is microstructure requirements for satisfying basic properties of the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding and a measurement method thereof.

The sheet thickness and the width of the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment are not particularly limited, and in a case where application to an assumed component is taken into consideration, it is preferable that the sheet thickness is 1.2 to 3.6 mm, and the width is 900 to 1500 mm. The steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment may be a steel sheet with a so-called mill edge (including a steel strip and also referred to as a mill edge steel sheet), or a steel sheet from which a mill edge portion is removed by cutting (including a steel strip and also referred to as a cut edge steel sheet).

Gas-Soft Nitrided Component

A gas-soft nitrided component according to the present embodiment will be described. The gas-soft nitrided component according to the present embodiment can be obtained by processing the above-described steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment as necessary and then performing the gas soft nitriding treatment.

Chemical Composition

A chemical composition of the gas-soft nitrided component according to the present embodiment is the same as that of the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment, which is a material, excluding a nitrided region of a surface layer area (for example, in a case where the thickness of the component is indicated as tc, at a tc/4 position from the surface in the thickness direction). Therefore, description thereof will be omitted.

Nitrided Region

The gas-soft nitrided component according to the present embodiment has a nitrided region in which a nitride is present on the surface. In the gas-soft nitrided component according to the present embodiment, a surface layer hardness is set to 500 Hv or more, and a thickness (effective hardening depth) of a region in which a hardness is higher by 50 Hv or more than a hardness of a primary phase (an average hardness at a tc/4 position from the surface in the thickness direction), is set to 0.300 mm or more. When the surface layer hardness is less than 500 Hv or the thickness of the region in which the hardness is higher by 50 Hv or more than the hardness of the primary phase is less than 0.300 mm, a predetermined wear resistance cannot be obtained.

The surface layer hardness is obtained by the following method as described above.

The surface layer hardness of the gas-soft nitrided component is a value obtained by measuring a Vickers hardness in a certain cross section of the gas-soft nitrided component in the thickness direction. A measurement position may be set such that an indentation center is located in a range of 50 μm or less from the surface where a change in hardness in the thickness direction is small. In a case where the indentation center is close to a surface layer, a material flow in the vicinity of the surface layer occurs during hardness measurement, which causes a measurement error. Therefore, it is preferable that the indentation center is at a position 35 μm or more away from the surface in the cross section of the steel sheet in the sheet thickness direction. The Vickers hardness may be measured based on JIS Z 2244-1:2020. The load at the time of measuring the hardness is 200 gf (Hv0.2), and the average value measured at three points at the above-described depth positions in the thickness direction is regarded as the surface layer hardness of the gas-soft nitrided component. As a measurement cross section for the Vickers hardness, a certain cross section of the gas-soft nitrided component in the thickness direction is roughly polished to #80 to #1000 and is finished to a mirror-polished surface with a polishing solution in which diamond powder having a particle size of 1 to 3 μm is dispersed.

The thickness of the region in which the hardness is higher by 50 Hv or more than the hardness of the primary phase can be obtained by the following method.

Thickness of Region in which Hardness is Higher by 50 Hv or More Than Hardness of Primary Phase

The Vickers hardness measured at intervals of 0.05 μm from the surface layer in the depth direction in a certain cross section in the thickness direction of the gas-soft nitrided component is measured. Here, three points are measured at the same depth, and an average value thereof is defined as the Vickers hardness at that depth. In the obtained Vickers hardness profile, when the thickness is indicated as tc, a depth of a region in which a hardness is higher by 50 Hv or more than the average (average hardness) of the Vickers hardnesses measured at three points at the tc/4 position from the surface in the thickness direction is measured, and this is defined as the thickness of the region in which the hardness is higher by 50 Hv or more than the hardness of the primary phase. A measurement load of the Vickers hardness is set to 50 gf (Hv0.05), and a load may be set or a measurement position may be shifted in a sheet surface direction so that an interval between the measurement points is 5 times or more an indentation size.

Metallographic Structure

A metallographic structure of the gas-soft nitrided component according to the present embodiment is not limited, and may be the same as that of the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment, which is a material, excluding the nitrided region of the surface layer area (for example, at the tc/4 position from the surface in the thickness direction).

Manufacturing Method

Next, a manufacturing method of the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment will be described.

The steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment is obtained by a manufacturing method including the following steps. If necessary, after the following steps (I) to (IV), a (V) pickling step or (VI) a skin pass step described below may be applied.

-   -   (I) A heating step of heating a slab having a predetermined         chemical composition.     -   (II) A hot rolling step of performing rough rolling and finish         rolling on the slab after the heating step to obtain a         hot-rolled steel sheet.     -   (III) A cooling step of cooling the hot-rolled steel sheet after         the hot rolling step.     -   (IV) A coiling step of coiling the hot-rolled steel sheet after         the cooling step.

Preferred conditions will be described for each step. As conditions for which the description is omitted, known conditions can be applied.

Heating Step

In the heating step, a slab (for example, a slab having a thickness of about 50 to 300 mm) having the same chemical composition as that of the above-described steel sheet for gas soft nitriding according to the present embodiment manufactured by continuous casting is heated under the following conditions. By managing a furnace temperature, variation in microstructures (grain sizes) in a sheet width direction is reduced. It is presumed that the reason for this is that variation in austenite grain sizes in the slab is reduced by managing the furnace temperature.

-   -   (a) A primary heating is performed by allowing the slab to stay         in a primary heating furnace adjusted to an atmospheric         temperature of 400° C. to 1260° C. for 10 to 100 minutes.     -   (b) A secondary heating is performed by allowing the slab after         the primary heating to stay in a secondary heating furnace         having an atmospheric temperature higher than that of the         primary heating and adjusted to 950° C. to 1325° C. for 20 to         170 minutes.     -   (c) A tertiary heating is performed by allowing the slab after         the secondary heating to stay in a tertiary heating furnace         having an atmospheric temperature adjusted to 1130° C. to         1310° C. for 20 to 150 minutes.

When any of the conditions of the primary heating to the tertiary heating is outside of the range, the effective grain size difference in the sheet width direction is more than 10.0 μm. The atmospheric temperature when the slab is heated indicates a furnace temperature controlled by a thermometer installed in the furnace. Even in a case where the slab is not cooled to room temperature, it is necessary to use this heating method, and a temperature of the slab loaded into the primary heating furnace is preferably 800° C. or lower and more preferably 100° C. or lower.

Hot Rolling Step

In the hot rolling step, the heated slab is subjected to rough rolling and finish rolling to obtain a hot-rolled steel sheet.

In the rough rolling, a cumulative rolling reduction is set to 60% or more and 90% or less.

The cumulative rolling reduction is a sheet thickness reduction ratio calculated using a slab thickness t0 and a thickness t1 after the rough rolling. In a case where the cumulative rolling reduction in the rough rolling is less than 60%, the average effective grain size in the sheet width direction is not 35.0 μm or less. In addition, when the cumulative rolling reduction is more than 90%, the average effective grain size is less than 8.0 μm.

A rough rolling temperature may be set in a range of 1000° C. to 1200° C., and the number of times of rolling may be set from a load on a rolling mill. The number of times of rough rolling is preferably, for example, five.

In the finish rolling, a rolling start temperature is set to 980° C. or higher, a rolling reduction in a final pass is set to 4% to 30%, and a finish temperature is set to 840° C. to 960° C.

In a case where a finish rolling start temperature is lower than 980° C., the effective grain size difference in the width direction of the steel sheet is more than 10.0 μm.

In addition, in a case where the rolling reduction in the final pass is less than 4%, rolling strain becomes non-uniform, and the effective grain size difference in the width direction of the steel sheet is more than 10 μm. On the other hand, when the rolling reduction in the final pass is more than 30%, the average effective grain size in the width direction is more than 35.0 μm due to grain growth.

In addition, in a case where the finish temperature is lower than 840° C., the average effective grain size in the width direction is less than 8.0 μm. On the other hand, when the finish temperature is higher than 960° C., the average effective grain size in the width direction is more than 35.0 μm.

In addition, as long as the rolling reduction in the final pass falls within the above range, the number of times of rolling is not particularly limited, and the number of times may be set from the load on the rolling mill. The number of times of finish rolling is preferably, for example, five.

In the hot rolling step, the subsequent cooling step, and the coiling step, the temperature is preferably managed by a surface temperature at a center in the width direction.

Cooling Step Coiling Step

After the finish rolling is completed (after the reduction in the final pass), water cooling is started within 2.0 seconds, the water cooling is completed within 20.0 seconds after the start of the cooling, and the steel sheet is coiled at 430° C. to 580° C.

In a case where the time from the reduction in the final pass to the start of the cooling is longer than 2.0 seconds, the area ratio of ferrite is less than 30.0%. A cooling start time is not limited as long as the cooling start time is within 2.0 seconds after the completion of the finish rolling, but may be 0.4 seconds or longer, or 0.6 seconds or longer in consideration of an air-cooling zone distance in the temperature measurement after the rolling.

In addition, when a water cooling time from the start of the cooling to a range of 430° C. to 580° C., which is a coiling temperature, is longer than 20.0 seconds, the area ratio of ferrite is less than 30.0% and the area ratio of bainite is more than 70.0%. When the coiling temperature is lower than 430° C., the area ratio of martensite is more than 5.0%. On the other hand, in a case where the coiling temperature is higher than 580° C., the effective grain size difference in the width direction of the steel sheet is more than 10.0 μm.

Pickling Step Skin Pass Rolling Step

Pickling may be performed after the coiling step. The pickling is intended to remove scale on the surface of the steel sheet, and may be performed by a known method. In addition, skin pass rolling may be performed on the pickled steel sheet. By introducing moving dislocations by the skin pass rolling, not only can a yielding elongation be suppressed but also a dislocation density on the surface of the steel sheet can be increased. In the case of performing the skin pass, conditions that do not significantly reduce the elongation may be set. For example, a rolling reduction in the skin pass rolling is preferably set to 0.5% to 5.0%. When the rolling reduction is less than 0.5%, there is a concern that the yielding elongation cannot be suppressed, and when the rolling reduction is more than 5.0%, there is concern that dislocations are introduced to the center in the sheet thickness direction and ductility decreases.

EXAMPLES

Cast pieces having the chemical composition shown in Table 1 (unit: mass %, remainder: Fe and impurities) were used, and each thereof was heated, rolled, cooled, and coiled under the conditions shown in Table 2 to manufacture a coil having a sheet thickness 1.2 to 2.3 mm and a sheet width of 1000 to 1500 mm.

In Table 1, the field of Formula 1 represents a calculated value on the left side of Formula (1), and the field of Expression 2 represents a calculated value on the right side of Formula (2).

TABLE 1 Steel C Si Mn P S Sol.Al T'i Cr N Cu Ni V 1 0.04 0.013 0.70 0.005 0.003 0.230 0.041 0.183 0.0032 tr. tr. tr. 2 0.05 0.024 1.47 0.008 0.004 0.360 0.036 0.093 0.0028 tr. tr. tr. 3 0.04 0.016 0.57 0.008 0.002 0.208 0.038 0.270 0.0030 tr. tr. tr. 4 0.06 0.012 0.86 0.009 0.003 0.233 0.063 0.165 0.0031 tr. tr. tr. 5 0.07 0.035 0.94 0.010 0.002 0.320 0.055 0.159 0.0028 tr. tr. tr. 6 0.08 0.094 0.95 0.011 0.003 0.121 0.083 0.217 0.0033 tr. tr. tr. 7 0.10 0.018 1.23 0.009 0.003 0.024 0.082 0.456 0.0030 tr. tr. tr. 8 0.09 0.022 1.27 0.008 0.003 0.008 0.078 0.232 0.0029 tr. tr. tr. 9 0.12 0.038 1.12 0.019 0.004 0.040 0.083 0.321 0.0031 tr. tr. tr. 10 0.03 0.008 1.64 0.006 0.001 0.380 0.105 0.138 0.0026 tr. tr. tr. 11 0.07 0.003 1.68 0.014 0.003 0.311 0.101 0.138 0.0029 tr. tr. tr. 12 0.01 0.015 1.58 0.013 0.003 0.324 0.097 0.136 0.0030 tr. tr. tr. 13 0.04 0.011 0.98 0.013 0.002 0.216 0.054 0.152 0.0031 tr. tr. tr. 14 0.06 0.032 0.96 0.015 0.003 0.232 0.055 0.156 0.0032 tr. tr. tr. 15 0.06 0.027 0.95 0.011 0.004 0.162 0.126 0.260 0.0018 tr. tr. tr. 16 0.05 0.082 1.05 0.012 0.002 0.156 0.118 0.244 0.0054 0.09 0.04 tr. 17 0.07 0.074 1.08 0.008 0.002 0.168 0.116 0.253 0.0032 tr. tr. 0.046 18 0.04 0.042 1.11 0.010 0.003 0.160 0.109 0.254 0.0031 tr. tr. tr. 19 0.05 0.051 1.63 0.009 0.002 0.152 0.111 0.262 0.0029 tr. tr. tr. 20 0.05 0.048 1.39 0.008 0.002 0.139 0.099 0.173 0.0039 tr. tr. tr. 21 0.05 0.051 1.01 0.011 0.004 0.183 0.087 0.259 0.0055 tr. tr. tr. 22 0.05 0.063 1.18 0.007 0.003 0.222 0.076 0.129 0.0037 tr. tr. tr. 23 0.05 0.041 1.21 0.009 0.001 0.235 0.099 0.109 0.0022 tr. tr. tr. 24 0.06 0.050 0.89 0.008 0.002 0.309 0.102 0.134 0.0062 tr. tr. tr. Formula Formula Steel Mo B Nb Ca REM Sn Sb As Mg 1 2 1 tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.413 92 2 tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.453 114 3 tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.478 95 4 tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.398 98 5 tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.479 102 6 tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.338 101 7 tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.480 123 8 tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.240 100 9 tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.361 109 10 tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.518 125 11 tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.449 129 12 tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.460 125 13 tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.368 101 14 tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.388 102 15 tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.422 109 16 tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.400 112 17 tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.421 115 18 0.032 tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.414 116 19 tr. 0.0006 tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.414 137 20 tr. tr. 0.035 tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.312 116 21 tr. tr. tr. 0.0060 tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.442 114 22 tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.0040 tr. 0.0030 tr. tr. 0.351 108 23 tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.0230 tr. tr. tr. 0.344 107 24 tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. tr. 0.0050 0.0070 0.443 97

TABLE 2 Cooling to Coiling Finish rolling Time Secondary Rough Rolling Time until Primary heating heating Tertiary heating rolling Rolling reduction until com- Furnace Zone Furnace Zone Furnace Zone Cumulative start Finish in start pletion Coiling temper- staying temper- staying temper- staying rolling temper- temper- final of of temper- Test ature time ature time ature time reduction ature ature pass cooling cooling ature No. Steel ° C. min ° C. min ° C. min % ° C. ° C. % scc scc ° C. S1 1 981 58 1245 54 1253 68 85 1037 898 13 1.4 16.7 496 S2 2 1162 36 1276 82 1252 40 74 1057 903 16 1.2 16.8 557 S3 3 1167 56 1281 62 1226 52 87 1056 907 8 1.2 15.6 497 S4 4 1122 24 1297 82 1212 64 78 1054 907 21 1.1 15.6 501 S5 5 1113 30 1279 44 1233 74 86 1052 928 7 1.0 16.7 510 S6 6 1069 30 990 52 1216 64 79 991 923 10 0.9 16.7 514 S7 7 1158 60 1238 42 1216 48 75 1064 915 23 1.0 16.2 499 S8 8 1164 74 1044 42 1233 50 73 1070 904 21 1.2 17.7 527 S9 9 1170 46 988 40 1216 46 61 998 867 18 1.1 17.7 475 S10 10 1203 52 1057 52 1225 62 83 1055 910 17 1.9 16.2 497 S11 11 1169 94 1187 52 1219 58 79 1025 896 18 1.3 15.6 494 S12 12 1043 64 1076 48 1252 108 77 1034 896 15 1.2 17.1 497 S13 13 1122 64 1130 145 1267 110 63 1054 882 6 1.7 17.1 563 S14 14 1154 74 1185 36 1258 90 81 1048 897 8 1.7 16.7 497 S15 15 1042 42 1264 58 1244 84 84 1021 901 5 1.4 19.4 445 S16 16 1135 32 1263 86 1244 78 88 1009 886 11 0.7 17.1 498 S17 17 1061 62 1273 88 1237 86 82 1020 927 12 0.9 16.8 494 S18 18 1044 92 1278 66 1248 82 85 1070 954 7 1.1 15.0 495 S19 19 1100 58 1269 86 1257 108 79 1015 920 28 1.0 17.1 488 S20 5 358 48 996 48 1232 106 76 1009 881 15 0.6 17.1 490 S21 6 858 106 1260 50 1251 116 82 1005 903 8 1.1 17.1 498 S22 4 1103 28 1330 52 1266 112 81 1037 908 13 1.1 17.1 491 S23 4 1062 22 1245 11 1274 112 74 1023 916 11 1.3 16.2 500 S24 5 968 20 1255 38 1323 118 80 1027 908 10 0.7 16.8 505 S25 4 909 14 1129 36 1269 155 62 1007 917 12 0.7 16.2 493 S26 5 1067 22 1203 130 1270 116 58 1020 912 28 1.9 15.0 563 S27 6 780 22 1091 52 1213 116 93 1004 906 16 1.9 15.0 543 S28 16 981 18 988 38 1202 122 78 976 916 5 0.9 16.2 492 S29 5 1077 40 1105 38 1210 122 78 992 838 7 1.3 15.0 512 S30 5 1182 44 1226 40 1289 72 62 1069 962 21 1.2 15.0 488 S31 18 1087 42 1105 42 1227 76 72 1025 883 3 1.2 15.1 532 S32 6 1053 46 1248 48 1244 124 86 1019 901 33 1.2 15.0 492 S33 19 954 76 997 44 1209 42 68 1011 894 23 2.1 13.4 493 S34 19 1182 36 1255 48 1212 32 76 1023 903 10 1.1 21.0 470 S35 5 798 30 1040 48 1224 40 70 993 908 21 1.0 15.0 421 S36 5 1197 32 1026 36 1212 46 83 1020 901 6 0.8 15.0 593 S37 6 1272 28 1283 42 1210 44 78 1006 901 16 0.9 15.0 567 S38 6 1167 8 1254 42 1213 34 66 991 899 5 1.1 12.9 493 S39 13 880 36 942 144 1140 42 62 1015 898 26 1.6 16.7 491 S40 18 1101 32 1130 178 1193 50 74 992 895 23 1.4 17.1 497 S41 6 890 22 1118 80 1126 52 86 1025 858 13 1.6 16.8 513 S42 5 1218 32 1241 84 1221 18 88 1031 853 11 1.3 17.1 567 S43 20 1078 12 1120 46 1254 74 76 1065 907 9 0.7 14.9 456 S44 21 1056 45 1209 21 1309 82 77 1047 883 11 0.6 15.2 498 S45 22 1102 39 1189 76 1244 49 75 1039 840 11 0.8 15.0 510 S46 23 1098 88 1230 159 1276 65 79 1055 858 10 0.7 16.4 487 S47 24 1006 30 1178 79 1269 89 77 1029 880 15 0.9 16.2 471

A JIS No. 5 test piece was collected from a position of w/2 in a width direction from an end portion in the width direction at a position 10 m away from a forefront portion in a longitudinal direction of the obtained steel sheet coil, a tensile test was conducted at a tensile speed of 10 mm/min according to JIS Z 2241:2011, and a tensile strength (TS) and an elongation (El) were measured.

In addition, a bending test was conducted using a No. 3 test piece by the method specified in the 6.1 press bending method of JIS Z 2248:2006, and R/t, which is a limit bend radius R standardized by the sheet thickness t, was measured. Here, the bend radius was tested every 0.5 times the sheet thickness to obtain a minimum R/t.

In addition, properties (area ratio, average effective grain size, effective grain size difference) of the metallographic structure at seven positions of w/8, w/4, 3w/8, w/2, 5w/8, 3w/4, and 7w/8 in the width direction from the end portion in the width direction at a t/4 depth position from a surface were measured by the above-described methods.

The results are shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3 Steel sheet for gas soft nitriding Average Effective Area ratio Area ratio Area ratio of Other effective grain size Test of ferrite of bainite martensite microstructures grain size difference TS E1 R/t No. % % % % μm μm MPa % — S1 88.9 9.8 1.3 0.0 21.4 6.3 409 29.3 2.0 S2 56.3 40.3 3.4 0.0 18.1 5.7 543 23.6 2.5 S3 94.7 5.0 0.3 0.0 19.3 4.9 361 34.2 1.0 S4 73.2 24.5 2.3 0.0 28.2 5.3 529 25.7 2.0 S5 75.7 22.2 2.1 0.0 14.5 7.1 543 25.2 2.0 S6 67.9 28.9 2.4 Pearlite: 0.8 16.3 3.6 562 23.1 1.0 S7 45.9 50.3 3.8 0.0 20.1 4.8 726 18.4 2.5 S8 37.1 59.8 3.1 0.0 19.7 5.2 748 19.6 3.0 S9 27.9 68.9 3.2 0.0 13.3 6.3 776 11.3 3.0 S10 57.2 39.9 2.9 0.0 13.3 4.3 436 19.5 2.0 S11 28.8 66.7 4.5 0.0 14.8 6.8 665 12.4 2.5 S12 92.8 6.5 0.7 0.0 12.6 5.2 326 33.4 0.5 S13 76.1 22.2 1.7 0.0 24.5 8.8 456 28.8 1.5 S14 66.4 31.5 2.1 0.0 20.9 7.3 565 19.5 1.5 S15 27.8 70.8 1.4 0.0 13.1 8.4 698 12.1 2.0 S16 37.4 59.4 3.2 0.0 20.3 6.8 721 17.6 2.5 S17 41.0 56.7 2.3 0.0 14.7 5.3 649 20.6 2.0 S18 35.5 60.8 3.7 0.0 16.1 5.1 663 20.8 2.0 S19 37.6 57.1 4.4 Austenite: 0.9 31.3 6.8 736 15.9 3.0 S20 70.4 27.8 1.8 0.0 23.3 15.3 572 26.1 2.0 S21 60.7 36.7 2.6 0.0 21.5 11.6 583 24.7 2.0 S22 73.9 23.8 2.3 0.0 28 14.8 509 25.1 2.5 S23 70.6 27.2 2.2 0.0 21.3 13.3 543 26.4 2.0 S24 68.7 29.2 2.1 0.0 29.6 16.3 552 27.3 3.0 S25 72.7 25.7 1.6 0.0 28.6 12.9 537 25 2.5 S26 66.4 31.1 2.5 0.0 37.6 8.2 567 28.1 3.5 S27 68.3 30.4 1.3 0.0 7.3 3.9 529 29.4 1.0 S28 33.3 63.5 3.2 0.0 19.3 10.6 754 16.8 2.5 S29 65.8 31.8 2.4 0.0 7.7 4.1 537 24.9 2.0 S30 70.3 27.7 2.0 0.0 36.7 6.4 501 27.6 4.0 S31 43.1 53.1 3.8 0.0 15.3 10.6 642 23.2 2.5 S32 77.6 20.3 2.1 0.0 38.1 6.9 537 24.5 3.5 S33 26.7 69.1 4.2 ().0 15.6 7.6 776 10.6 3.0 S34 26.3 71.1 2.6 0.0 21.5 5.2 783 11.4 3.0 S35 32.5 61.2 6.3 0.0 15 4.8 744 16.4 3.5 S36 37.3 61.4 1.3 0.0 29.3 16.3 529 26.3 2.0 S37 68.7 29.6 1.7 0.0 22.4 14.9 530 24.1 1.0 S38 63.1 34.8 2.1 0.0 21 11.6 547 23 1.0 S39 62.0 36.4 1.6 0.0 34.1 13.4 449 30.6 1.5 S40 40.7 55.9 3.4 0.0 30.7 12.9 568 20.8 1.5 S41 70.3 27.4 2.3 0.0 20.3 13.4 569 22.1 1.0 S42 69.8 27.5 2.7 0.0 18.7 11.6 553 27.7 2.0 S43 64.0 35.0 1.0 0.0 10.9 8.0 531 19 2.0 S44 96.3 3.3 0.2 Pcarlite: 0.2 22.3 5.8 560 24.3 1.0 S45 89.8 9.4 0.3 Pearlite: 0.5 19.6 4.8 567 21.8 1.0 S46 74.1 25.0 0.9 0.0 18.2 8.9 541 18.3 2.5 S47 98.9 1.1 0.0 0.0 22.3 9.8 430 25.1 1.0

In addition, from the obtained steel sheet coil, a ring test piece shown in FIG. 1 was collected by performing shear trimming (punching using a trimming die) centered on a ½ position, a ¼ position, and a ⅛ position of the steel sheet in the width direction, was subjected to a gas soft nitriding treatment in an atmosphere of a mixed gas containing 45% of nitrogen, 50% of ammonia, and 5% of carbon dioxide in terms of volume fraction. The gas soft nitriding treatment was performed at a treatment temperature of 570° C. for a soaking and holding time of 1 hour, and a shape change was investigated.

As described above, outer diameters in a rolling direction, in a direction perpendicular thereto, and in directions at 45° and 135° with respect to the rolling direction were measured before and after the treatment. A case where amounts of change in all the outer diameters were 1 mm or less was detennined to be acceptable, and a case where an amount of change in any of the three positions was more than 1 mm was determined to be unacceptable.

In addition, a 15 cm square test piece was collected from the ½ position in the width direction of the steel sheet and was subjected to the gas soft nitriding treatment under the same conditions as described above. A pin-on-disk type flat plate wear test was conducted on the test piece after the gas soft nitriding treatment. A sliding speed of the friction test piece in the wear test was set to 1 m/s, and a wear load was applied for 3 hours under conditions of a contact pressure of 1000 MPa, a room temperature, and no lubrication. Those having a thickness reduction of 300 μm or more after the test were determined to be unacceptable.

However, in a case where the strength or formability of a steel sheet for gas soft nitriding as a material did not satisfy the target value or the shape change due to the gas soft nitriding was large, the steel sheet for gas soft nitriding was not suitable for use as a gas-soft nitrided component, and the wear test was not conducted.

The results are shown in Table 4.

TABLE 4 After gas soft nitriding treatment Surface Effective layer hardening Amount of hardness depth Wear Test No. shape change Hv mm resistance Note S1 Acceptable 484 0.315 Unacceptable Comparative Example S2 Acceptable 614 0.308 Unacceptable Comparative Example S3 Acceptable 525 0.321 Not conducted*¹ Comparative Example S4 Acceptable 563 0.318 Acceptable Invention Example S5 Acceptable 572 0.309 Acceptable Invention Example S6 Acceptable 541 0.345 Acceptable Invention Example S7 Acceptable 662 0.336 Unacceptable Comparative Example S8 Acceptable 540 0.384 Unacceptable Comparative Example S9 Acceptable 601 0.327 Not conducted*¹ Comparative Example S10 Acceptable 701 0.260 Unacceptable Comparative Example S11 Acceptable 742 0.310 Not conducted*¹ Comparative Example S12 Acceptable 620 0.311 Not conducted*¹ Comparative Example S13 Acceptable 540 0.346 Acceptable Invention Example S14 Acceptable 521 0.329 Acceptable Invention Example S15 Acceptable 599 0.337 Not conducted*¹ Comparative Example S16 Acceptable 620 0.316 Acceptable Invention Example S17 Acceptable 734 0.345 Acceptable Invention Example S18 Acceptable 641 0.352 Acceptable Invention Example S19 Acceptable 683 0.343 Acceptable Invention Example S20 Unacceptable 576 0.306 Not conducted*² Comparative Example S21 Unacceptable 540 0.349 Not conducted*² Comparative Example S22 Unacceptable 535 0.362 Not conducted*² Comparative Example S23 Unacceptable 520 0.327 Not conducted*² Comparative Example S24 Unacceptable 549 0.311 Not conducted*² Comparative Example S25 Unacceptable 568 0.332 Not conducted*² Comparative Example S26 Acceptable 545 0.321 Not conducted*¹ Comparative Example S27 Acceptable 545 0.279 Unacceptable Comparative Example S28 Unacceptable 609 0.334 Not conducted*² Comparative Example S29 Acceptable 531 0.203 Unacceptable Comparative Example S30 Acceptable 557 0.310 Not conducted*¹ Comparative Example S31 Unacceptable 649 0.327 Not conducted*² Comparative Example S32 Acceptable 527 0.353 Not conducted*¹ Comparative Example S33 Acceptable 736 0.337 Not conducted*¹ Comparative Example S34 Acceptable 751 0.329 Not conducted*¹ Comparative Example S35 Acceptable 734 0.313 Not conducted*¹ Comparative Example S36 Unacceptable 522 0.329 Not conducted*² Comparative Example S37 Unacceptable 563 0.356 Not conducted*² Comparative Example S38 Unacceptable 578 0.361 Not conducted*² Comparative Example S39 Unacceptable 520 0.342 Not conducted*² Comparative Example S40 Unacceptable 556 0.337 Not conducted*² Comparative Example S41 Unacceptable 528 0.349 Not conducted*² Comparative Example S42 Unacceptable 546 0.316 Not conducted*² Comparative Example S43 Acceptable 552 0.309 Acceptable Invention Example S44 Acceptable 598 0.321 Acceptable Invention Example S45 Acceptable 555 0.333 Acceptable Invention Example S46 Acceptable 568 0.341 Acceptable Invention Example S47 Acceptable 620 0.372 Acceptable Invention Example *¹Since the strength or elongation (formability) of the steel sheet was insufficient, the wear test was not conducted *²Since a shape change due to the gas soft nitriding treatment was large, the wear test was not conducted

As can be seen from Tables 1 to 4, in Test Nos. S4 to S6, S13, S14, S16 to S19, and S43 to S47 as invention examples, the steel sheets for gas soft nitriding had sufficient tensile strength, elongation, and bendability, and had a small shape change due to the gas soft nitriding treatment. In addition, among these, in the steel sheets after the gas soft nitriding treatment (corresponding to the gas-soft nitridcd components), the surface layer hardness was 500 Hv or more, and the effective hardening depth, which is a depth with a hardness higher by 50 Hv or more than that of the primary phase, was 0.300 mm or more. As a result, the steel sheets after the gas soft nitriding treatment was also excellent in wear resistance.

On the other hand, in S1 to S3, S7 to S12, and S15 in which the chemical composition was outside of the range of the present invention, and in S20 to S42 in which the manufacturing conditions were not preferable, in the steel sheets for gas soft nitriding, any of the tensile strength, elongation, and bendability was insufficient, the shape change due to the gas soft nitriding treatment was large, or the wear resistance after the gas soft nitriding treatment was low.

INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a steel sheet for gas soft nitriding capable of reducing an amount of shape change in a case where a gas soft nitriding treatment is performed as a surface-hardening treatment on the premise that generally required tensile strength, elongation, and bendability are provided. Therefore, high industrial applicability is achieved. 

1. A fabricated rapid construction platform for a bridge, comprising a fixing frame, an upper-layer tubular pile position control structure, a lower-layer tubular pile position control structure, and a console; wherein the fixing frame comprises a bottom rail platform, supporting posts, a top operation platform, and a plurality of supporting legs; the supporting posts are vertically installed at four corners of the top surface of the bottom rail platform, and the middle part of the bottom rail platform is provided with a first through hole, and the aperture of the first through hole is greater than the diameter of a prefabricated tubular pile; the top surface of the bottom rail platform is provided with an annular rail, the annular rail surrounds the periphery of the first through hole, and the center of the annular rail is located on the central axis of the first through hole; the top operation platform is installed at the tops of the supporting posts, the middle part of the top operation platform is provided with a second through hole, the central axis of the second through hole coincides with the central axis of the first through hole, and the aperture of the second through hole is greater than the diameter of the prefabricated tubular pile; the plurality of supporting legs are arranged on four corners of the bottom rail platform and are installed on the supporting posts or the bottom rail platform, and the bottoms of all supporting legs are located on the same plane; the plane is parallel to the bottom rail platform and is located directly below the bottom rail platform; the upper-layer tubular pile position control structure and the lower-layer tubular pile position control structure are provided between the bottom rail platform and the top operation platform; the upper-layer tubular pile position control structure is located right above the lower-layer tubular pile position control structure, and comprises two sub-structures arranged symmetrically about the central axis of the second through hole, and each sub-structure comprises a braking device, a vertical control arm, and a horizontal control arm; the braking device comprises a housing, and a vertical jacking cylinder and a horizontal jacking cylinder which are arranged in the housing; a pushing direction of the vertical jacking cylinder is parallel to the central axis of the second through hole, and a pushing direction of the horizontal jacking cylinder is perpendicular to the central axis of the second through hole; the housing is located outside the second through hole, and the side face of the housing facing the central axis of the second through hole is provided with a vertical chute and a horizontal chute; the vertical chute is provided parallel to the central axis of the second through hole, and the vertical control arm is slidingly arranged on the vertical chute; one end of the vertical control arm is connected to the vertical jacking cylinder, and the vertical control arm vertically slides in a length direction of the vertical chute under the action of the vertical jacking cylinder; the horizontal chute is provided parallel to the central axis of the second through hole, and the horizontal control arm is slidingly arranged on the horizontal chute; one end of the horizontal control arm is connected to the horizontal jacking cylinder, and the horizontal control arm horizontally slides in a length direction of the horizontal chute under the action of the horizontal jacking cylinder; the horizontal control arm and the vertical control arm are both telescopic hydraulic rods, telescoping directions of which are parallel to each other and are both perpendicular to the horizontal chute and the vertical chute; the telescopic ends of the horizontal control arm and the vertical control arm are both provided with clamping plates, and the clamping plates are provided facing the central axis of the second through hole; and the lower-layer tubular pile position control structure comprises an annular frame, a revolution driving device, and four lower control arms; rollers are arranged at the bottom of the annular frame, and the annular frame is slidingly connected to the bottom rail platform in a manner that the rollers are slidingly installed on the annular rail; the outer side of the annular frame is provided with an arc-like toothed structure, and the outer frame is meshed with a driving gear of the revolution driving device through the toothed structure; the annular frame is driven by the revolution driving device to rotate around the central axis of the first through hole; the revolution driving device comprises the driving gear, a driving shaft and a driving motor; the driving gear is horizontally arranged and is installed on one end of the driving shaft, and the other end of the driving shaft is connected to an output shaft of the driving motor; the driving motor is installed on the fixing frame; the four lower control arms are uniformly distributed on the inner side of the annular frame; the lower control arm is a telescopic hydraulic rod, a telescopic direction of which is a radial direction of the first through hole, and the telescopic end of the lower control arm is also provided with a clamping plate; and the lower control arm, the driving motor, the horizontal control arm, the vertical control arm and the braking device are all connected to a controller of the console.
 2. The fabricated rapid construction platform for a bridge according to claim 1, wherein the bottom rail platform and the top operation platform are both made of rectangular steel plates.
 3. The fabricated rapid construction platform for a bridge according to claim 1, wherein the supporting leg is installed at the lower part of the supporting post.
 4. The fabricated rapid construction platform for a bridge according to claim 1, wherein the supporting leg is a telescopic hydraulic rod.
 5. The fabricated rapid construction platform for a bridge according to claim 1, wherein the annular rail comprises an inner annular plate and an outer annular plate which are coaxial; the inner annular plate is located at an inner side of the outer annular plate, and the inner annular plate and the outer annular plate are arranged at intervals; the annular frame is movably arranged on the inner annular plate and the outer annular plate; the inner annular plate is provided with an inner opening for the lower control arm to extend to the inner side of the inner annular plate and for the lower control arm to rotate along with the annular frame; and the outer annular plate is provided with an outer opening for the driving gear to mesh with the toothed structure on the annular frame.
 6. The fabricated rapid construction platform for a bridge according to claim 1, wherein the housing is of an inverted T-shaped structure, a vertical edge of the T-shaped housing is provided with the vertical chute and the vertical jacking cylinder, and a transverse edge of the T-shaped housing is provided with the horizontal chute and the horizontal jacking cylinder.
 7. The fabricated rapid construction platform for a bridge according to claim 6, wherein both ends of the transverse edge of the T-shaped housing are respectively fixed to the supporting posts on both sides thereof, and the top of the transverse edge of the T-shaped housing is connected to the top operation platform through a steel pipe truss.
 8. The fabricated rapid construction platform for a bridge according to claim 1, wherein the end face of one end, back to the housing, of the clamping plate is a cambered surface, and the central line of the cambered surface is located on one side of the central axis of the second through hole.
 9. A control method for the fabricated rapid construction platform for a bridge, comprising the following steps: (1) hoisting, by a crane, a tubular pile, after the bottom of the tubular pile passes through a second through hole of a top operation platform and reaches the position below an upper-layer tubular pile position control structure, starting the upper-layer tubular pile position control structure, enabling vertical control arms and horizontal control arms to clamp the tubular pile, and then removing the crane; (2) adjusting, by the upper-layer tubular pile position control structure, the horizontal position of the tubular pile, enabling a butt joint structure at the bottom of the tubular pile to face a butt joint structure of a pile body below, then loosening the horizontal control arms, operating the vertical control arms to convey the tubular pile downwards until the bottom of the tubular pile passes through a first through hole of the bottom rail platform; (3) starting a lower-layer tubular pile position control structure, operating lower control arms to clamp the tubular pile, and then operating the upper-layer tubular pile position control structure to loosen the tubular pile; starting a driving motor of a revolution driving device, rotating the tubular pile until a butt joint part of the butt joint structure at the bottom of the tubular pile faces a butt joint part of a butt joint structure of the pile body below; (4) manipulating the vertical control arms of the upper-layer tubular pile position control structure to rise to the highest point, and after the tubular pile is clamped by the vertical control arms, enabling the lower control arms of the lower-layer tubular pile position control structure to loosen the tubular pile, and conveying, by the vertical control arms, the tubular pile downwards again; and after the tubular pile reaches the lowest point where the vertical control arm descends or the position where the butt joint structure at the bottom of the tubular pile is in contact with the butt joint structure of the pile body below, clamping the tubular pile again by the lower control arms of the low-layer tubular pile position control structure; (5) repeating step (4) until the butt joint structure at the bottom of the tubular pile is in contact with the butt joint of the pile body below; and (6) repeating step (1) to step (5) until all tubular piles are installed.
 10. The control method for the fabricated rapid construction platform for a bridge according to claim 9, wherein in step (2), the adjustment of the horizontal position of the tubular pile comprises the adjustment of a first horizontal direction perpendicular to a horizontal chute and the adjustment of a second horizontal direction parallel to the horizontal chute; the adjustment of the first horizontal direction is conducted through the expansion and contraction of the vertical control arm and the horizontal control arm; the adjustment of the second horizontal direction is conducted by driving the horizontal sliding of the horizontal control arm by a horizontal jacking cylinder of a braking device of the upper-layer tubular pile position control structure; and the vertical control arms are required to be loosened before the horizontal jacking cylinder operates.
 11. The control method for the fabricated rapid construction platform for a bridge according to claim 9, wherein the bottom rail platform and the top operation platform are both made of rectangular steel plates.
 12. The control method for the fabricated rapid construction platform for a bridge according to claim 9, wherein the supporting leg is installed at the lower part of the supporting post.
 13. The control method for the fabricated rapid construction platform for a bridge according to claim 9, wherein the supporting leg is a telescopic hydraulic rod.
 14. The control method for the fabricated rapid construction platform for a bridge according to claim 9, wherein the annular rail comprises an inner annular plate and an outer annular plate which are coaxial; the inner annular plate is located at the inner side of the outer annular plate, and the inner annular plate and the outer annular plate are arranged at intervals; the annular frame is movably arranged on the inner annular plate and the outer annular plate; the inner annular plate is provided with an inner opening for the lower control arm to extend to the inner side of the inner annular plate and for the lower control arm to rotate along with the annular frame; and the outer annular plate is provided with an outer opening for the driving gear to mesh with the toothed structure on the annular frame.
 15. The control method for the fabricated rapid construction platform for a bridge according to claim 9, wherein the housing is of an inverted T-shaped structure, a vertical edge of the T-shaped housing is provided with the vertical chute and the vertical jacking cylinder, and a transverse edge of the T-shaped housing is provided with the horizontal chute and the horizontal jacking cylinder.
 16. The control method for the fabricated rapid construction platform for a bridge according to claim 14, wherein both ends of the transverse edge of the T-shaped housing are respectively fixed to the supporting posts on both sides thereof, and the top of the transverse edge of the T-shaped housing is connected to the top operation platform through a steel pipe truss.
 17. The control method for the fabricated rapid construction platform for a bridge according to claim 9, wherein the end face of one end, back to the housing, of the clamping plate is a cambered surface, and the central line of the cambered surface is located on one side of the central axis of the second through hole.
 18. The control method for the fabricated rapid construction platform for a bridge according to claim 11, wherein in step (2), the adjustment of the horizontal position of the tubular pile comprises the adjustment of a first horizontal direction perpendicular to a horizontal chute and the adjustment of a second horizontal direction parallel to the horizontal chute; the adjustment of the first horizontal direction is conducted through the expansion and contraction of the vertical control arm and the horizontal control arm; the adjustment of the second horizontal direction is conducted by driving the horizontal sliding of the horizontal control arm by a horizontal jacking cylinder of a braking device of the upper-layer tubular pile position control structure; and the vertical control arms are required to be loosened before the horizontal jacking cylinder operates.
 19. The control method for the fabricated rapid construction platform for a bridge according to claim 12, wherein in step (2), the adjustment of the horizontal position of the tubular pile comprises the adjustment of a first horizontal direction perpendicular to a horizontal chute and the adjustment of a second horizontal direction parallel to the horizontal chute; the adjustment of the first horizontal direction is conducted through the expansion and contraction of the vertical control arm and the horizontal control arm; the adjustment of the second horizontal direction is conducted by driving the horizontal sliding of the horizontal control arm by a horizontal jacking cylinder of a braking device of the upper-layer tubular pile position control structure; and the vertical control arms are required to be loosened before the horizontal jacking cylinder operates.
 20. The control method for the fabricated rapid construction platform for a bridge according to claim 13, wherein in step (2), the adjustment of the horizontal position of the tubular pile comprises the adjustment of a first horizontal direction perpendicular to a horizontal chute and the adjustment of a second horizontal direction parallel to the horizontal chute; the adjustment of the first horizontal direction is conducted through the expansion and contraction of the vertical control arm and the horizontal control arm; the adjustment of the second horizontal direction is conducted by driving the horizontal sliding of the horizontal control arm by a horizontal jacking cylinder of a braking device of the upper-layer tubular pile position control structure; and the vertical control arms are required to be loosened before the horizontal jacking cylinder operates. 